Kid_Thunder

I see some comments recommending wordpress but wordpress is a security problem, especially if you’re using 3rd party plugins. It is such a bad problem that their are ‘wordpress security’ applications but even then wordpress sites get hacked all the time. If you are going to use it, it is best to let some other host handle it for you if you don’t know a whole lot about what you’re doing.

There are many, many other content management systems out there. Some are lighter than wordpress and some heavier. They are all about posting and managing content. Most of them have some sort of user and authoring system. Once you’re webserver is set up, many are written in a mixture of php and python so setting them up is generally drag and drop with either minor configuration file edits or wizards. Many of them have sections that you can set up using a labeling/tagging system. Most of them allow you to have the ‘stories’ as private or draft where you have to actually click publish before people can view them. Some have user roles systems where you can limit viewing and even editing between different roles for sections.

Generally, once their setup is done, they are point and click to do everything.

Here’s a nice list of FOSS CMS’ (which includes Wordpress of course).

Just to be clear, if you’re in the US, you 100% have copyright protection as soon as you put pen to paper.

A 30% cut for steam games sold on steam and a 0% cut for steam keys sold by the publisher wherever they want with the caveat that they must give steam users the same sales at around the same time. They get their games hosted on Steam’s industry best CDN, a page with support for images and videos, an API with features users like, workshop API for mod hosting and delivery, and other SteamWorks API stuff for stuff like multiplayer, patch management without charging a fee for it, forum hosting to hit the highlights. Pretty much all of that drives engagement and is mostly turn-key though you do have to programmatically interact with their API when it makes sense.

Steam provides a lot of benefit for a 30% cut of what is sold on their store front and a lot more benefit for getting all of the above for a 0% cut if they sell steam keys outside of steam.

Because money.

It is likely someone using the same VPN service using the same server or server on the same subnet was scraping data or similar and got blocked. Therefore you are too.

Sounds like you have nothing listening on port 80 that resolves for your domain for Let’sEncrypt to verify that you own the domain. You need a webserver listening on port 80 and that Certbot can access if you’re using the http method.

Basically you’re forwarding traffic to port 80 but there’s nothing on port 80.

Depends on if there’s an IPv6NAT and how your ISP converts between IPv4 and IPv6 or actually supports IPv6 straight through. It also depends on your router.

Currently, there’s still some debate since IPv6NAT (NAT66/NPT6/NATv6) isn’t really needed for WAN boundaries for the reasons NAT exists. However, without it you are right on that this will be a problem for the consumer because PCs, IoT devices, printers, circuts or whatever my wife has, etc. could all be exploitable and even worse, you may never know you’re contributing to the botnet.

As an example, I have a global IPv6 on a few on my devices. They can connect to IPv6 if it originates from me but if it originates from them or is UDP it doesn’t route to my IPv6. My router doesn’t care. It’ll route it just fine either way. It would appear that my ISP has me behind one of the IPv6 NATs.

I’d imagine that’s true for most people at home.

NAT provides some measure of security as pure coincidence to how it works. It is not designed or intended to provide security. It does not inspect packet payloads in order to filter them for security. It looks at the header and attempts to route it to an internal IP address (your devices on your LAN) and if it cannot, it will drop the packet because the header will only have the external IP address – the packet has no idea which device it is supposed to go to. Forwarding a port is telling the NAT to assume that when a packet hits a certain port, if it doesn’t know the destination internal IP, forward it to some internal IP anyway.

The reason you can connect to websites, ssh outside, FTP, whatever, is because your connection comes from your internal IP first to some other IP and therefore, NAT knows which internal IP to route those packets to.

Take for example this scenario:

You download some software. It has malware that provides command and control (C2) to someone else outside of your network. A firewall and/or antivirus may be able to stop this and hopefully notify you. NAT will not help here. Furthermore, if you have uPNP enabled (usually it is by default on your router) the malware can forward any ports through your NAT to the compromised device opening it up to bot attacks and the like.

Another scenario:

You want to play a video game with you and your friends and you’re going to host it. So either you manually forward those ports or perhaps uPNP just does it for you. That game has an exploit known by attackers, or perhaps it can just be DDoS’d. Your NAT isn’t going to stop that. Hopefully a firewall will help you here. It definitely will if you set up explicit rules so that if they aren’t your friend’s IPs it will drop them. Though it is possible the game is exploitable and your friend’s are compromised.

Take for example malware has been known to spread via Minecraft.

As I understand it, NAT is a firewall

NAT is not a firewall. NAT does not inspect packet payloads, it doesn’t do anything except attempt to route packets to where they are supposed to go. If the connection originates from outside or it is a ‘connectionless’ protocol, the NAT has no idea which internal IP to route to, so it drops the packet.

NAT provides some security by sheer coincidence and not by design.

I disagree about ClamAV in-so-far as its vanilla virus signature database. You really should use some third party ones though you have to be careful since some like specifically malware patrol are way too general. For example, malware patrol will identify any document mentioning any drive.google.com URL a virus.

In regards to MP, I actually submitted the offending signature to MP support and the CSR told said and I quote “Unfortunately that is not a false positive, there is confirmed malware hosted at drive.google.com.” It caught my attention because a bunch of READMEs from some github projects and some HTML files ended up in the quarantine. I asked if future signatures would include this general URL since I’m going to blacklist this specific signature and was told basically ‘yes, probably’.

I do recommend third parties though and most are free for personal use. Some require a key and therefore some sort of sign up but it isn’t terrible except perhaps in regards to where I’m posting, some would consider it so.

For Windows you can use KDE Connect (and also MacOS) or Microsoft Phone.

For Linux Mint there’s KDE Connect or GSConnect (GNOME Extension) though I don’t use GNOME often, I remember liking KDE Connect better still.

The SSH keys don’t help me if I get locked out of a Domain Controller unless you’re using OpenSSH (which is now a native feature you can turn on). In that case you can actually still log into the DC via command line because it authenticates based on authorized_keys and not the LDAP of the DC. I actually do this on the enterprise, not because I may get locked out but because it is just convenient. Granted you’ll have to execute powershell on the command line once in to use the AD cmdlets.

On the other hand when you create a DC now-a-days (Server 2019…I don’t remember if this is asked in the wizard when in Server 2016) you can create a “Directory Services Restore Mode” password which is basically a local admin account on the DC that you can log into only when the DC is booted into safe mode. You’ll be asked to create it when you promote your DC.

Personally I use FreeIPA for my LDAP. I like that I can create sudoers rules from one centralized place and manage ssh keys across all clients. Granted I could just use Ansible I suppose, which is how I update multiple distributions in my network and online but I like that I can just change SSH keys and sudoers from one place easily instead of changing tasks/roles. I also usually run cockpit even on my non-Red Hat distros with SSH keys just so I don’t have to log into everything though it is somewhat limited outside of the Red Hat sphere.

If you don’t want to use ProxMox or some other specialized HyperVisor ecosystem, you can also use Cockpit to manager your VMs along with your Pods. I wish there’d be more attention to it for features because it feels like it could do a lot more.

I also don’t really worry about locking myself out for two reasons:

1. I use SSH keys.

2. I also have a break-glass local account on every system…with SSH keys. If its on your local network, you can use VNC/VM console/Remote Desktop with a local account while only allowing SSH with keys if you’d like. Just make sure if you’re going to allow remote access outside of your network that you never forward the VNC/RDP ports. For SSH when I do this I always pick some random port – never default and never common ones like 2222 to at least keep my logs less noisy from the botnet auto attacks.

For my online VPS’ I use a firewall with geoIP from Maxmind and drop all ports but 443 from the world, except for whatever country I’m in. I drop all packets from certain countries that seem to auto-attack more often than others. I try to drop packets from all known (to me) Shodan scanners. If I’m not traveling I just restrict all other ports to my public IP’s subnet though my IP hasn’t changed for years. For status checking services like StatusCake, I use the “push” method instead using a simple cron job with curl instead of relying on servers around the world checking my ports. In this case, the services just check that my server has successfully hit them within X minutes to be “up”.

LibreOffice is compatible with Microsoft’s OOXML spec. They sold every suite on it in the nearly 20 years ago to stop fines from the EU. They sold competing suites on it instead of using anything else available.

Microsoft however never actually fully supported their own spec and will save as “OOXML Transition” or whatever they call it now because they’ve been in ‘transition’ for nearly 20 years but still have proprietary blobs inside of it. You can however make MS Office save in OOXML Strict which is supposed to be compliant to the now ISO spec that LibreOffice actually supports.

This isn’t LibreOffice’s fault.

Can’t wait for a story from a developer or sysadmin that knows how all the duct tape is held together, gets laid off and refuses to come back to fix everything. Then the former employer doubles doubt and threatens to sue them for loss of revenue. It would be absurd but I expect the absurd now.

The free solution I was referring to was my comment about using ControlD, which certainly offers a free service…which is the comment that the other person was responding to.

I run pihole and my wireguard VPN server locks all queries through it, which in turn uses unbound and queries via different providers like Cisco’s OpenDNS, Cloudflare and Quad9. However, I wanted to present a similar offering that also has a free-tier without a query cap for people interested.

NextDNS caps your queries per month on the free account. ControlD doesn’t and you can pick a various mix of their public DNS resolvers. You don’t necessarily get the granular control with doing it this way for free that you can get with NextDNS though.

If you do check out these, make sure you click the Secure Resolvers if you’d prefer for DLS/DOQ/DNS over HTTPS instead of Legacy.

How does that work if you save the docx in OOXML Strict instead of OOXML Transient? I’m not sure about the current 365 rollout but OOXML was developed by MS due to the EU nearly 20 years ago to support interoperability but their default saving format was always OOXML Transient which is OOXML + MS Proprietary format. OOXML Strict should be an option and save the docx in OOXML only format.

OpenOffice has been essentially a dead project for a long, long, long time. LibreOffice is its successor.