As sound travels through a water layer where the speed through which it travels varies with depth, the sound will tend to refract towards where it is the slowest.

A layer where temperature decreases as depth increases will refract sound downwards. A layer that has the inverse temperature properties will do the opposite. A layer that is isothermal (where the temperature remains constant as depth changes), will still tend to refract sound upwards because the increase in pressure also increases velocity, although not as strongly as temperature does, which is why temperature differences can easily overcome this effect where the water is not isothermal.

If you have a layer that refracts sound downwards on top of a layer that refracts sound upwards, you just created a sound channel, which acts as a wave guide in which sound will remain trapped and travel far longer distances horizontally before dissipating.

Ultimately you can’t really put a number on the required temperature differences because there are many other factors to take into account like how steeply the speed of sound changes, how tall the layer(s) are, what is the frequency of the sound, or how much of it you want to remain “trapped” in the sound channel.

How well sound propagates through water is highly dependent on the water temperature variations over depth. There can be conditions in which sounds can be trapped between two different horizontal “layers” and travel far greater distances than 80km.

A lot of stock photos are ridiculous like that

Treat yourself with a nice new fast SSD and install it on that. Dual booting on the same drive is asking for Windows update to “randomly” nuke your bootloader.

People keep talking about terraforming Mars while we can’t even stop ourselves from reverse-terraforming Earth.

I did it soon after switching to Linux Mint from Windows because I didn’t like how Cinnamon was handling multiple displays. It worked and was perfectly functional. But it was a little rough around the edges with the occasional glitch here and there. Not sure if it was because Mint wasn’t really meant to run Plasma or if it was just because it was running an older version of Plasma. But it was perfectly usable and I would have been happy to stick with it if there were no other solutions.

Before I got too comfy in my Mint install and after having familiarized myself with Linux better, I hopped between a few distros for a bit. LMDE6 with Plasma ran better but ultimately I switched to OpenSUSE Tumbleweed and stuck with it since then. It is rock solid and runs Plasma 6. I should probably have given EndeavourOS a try as well but I’m now too settled and comfy to change.

Mind you, I am still a complete Linux noob and still have barely any idea of what I am doing so take it with a grain of salt.

I just can’t wait for 6.1 for the screen corner boundaries on multiple monitors. It’s the one feature that has been missing for way too long.

If you look back at the sci-fi movies that came out soon after lasers were invented, you could see that people had all sorts of crazy ideas of what a laser could be used to do and that a lot of them had absolutely no idea of what a laser really did. Ultimately, we’ve found out that most of those imagined uses were pure bullshit or extremely impractical, at least with the current state of the technology. It didn’t mean that the technology was useless. We ended up finding all sorts of useful purposes for it that they had never imagined, like disk players or barcode scanners. It only means that it took time for people to better understand what the real world applications of the new technology was and a lot of the initial assumptions were dead wrong.

AI is going through the same process. It will take time before the technology’s strengths and weaknesses are better understood by the masses so it can be better applied to more realistic uses. And for the commercialization of snake-oil applications for it remains confined to fringe markets.

Scout.

Thrive at becoming the most annoying thing on the map to the enemy team.

Thanks for educating me on this difference with champagne. I didn’t know that.

Yes. It is actually illegal to add sugar to wine in France and Italy. They are extremely proud and protective of their wine industry and do not want it to turn into something that churns out boring mass produced products that taste exactly the same year after year. They see value in the differences in the wine years caused by the different weather conditions and the know-how and efforts to create a good wine without resorting to cheap modern shortcuts. Winemakers aren’t even allowed to water their vineyards.

You’re gonna give Frenchmen aneurysms by suggesting that adding sugar to a wine is a normal and trivial thing like that. I mean it is in most places of the world, but not there.

This just gave me the idea of an item that is secretly highly radioactive. Carrying it and being around it it would slowly give the character increasingly acute symptoms of radiation poisoning.The characters can’t possibly understand what radiation poisoning is so they would think it is some sort of magical curse. However no magic users would be able figure out what it is and how to stop it.

I’m wondering how long it would take for the players themselves to figure out what it really is, or if they ever would.

That’s a typical case of someone who is so eager to sounds right in an argument that they will not bother double checking to see if they missed the original point or true meaning before replying.

There are a lot of people like that on Reddit. Well, I assume there still are I deleted my account a while ago. What a toxic place.

Could it be some sort of meta joke where the reviewer is mocking how the paper is written by imitating its bad writing style?

In zero gravity this is a legitimate concern

I’m pretty sure mine hates me and makes me so stupid stuff whenever I’m distracted.

I thought he was going to say "It looks like a rock to everyone else around you and they’re constantly making interventions about your apparent obsession with overprotecting your ‘pet rock’ "

For crying out loud just make a FairPhone for the North American networks already.

If you don’t mind me asking, what made you make the switch and what notable differences did you notice?