biologically no, but socially white supremacy is very much a thing and so is race. Israelis can be of any race therefore a blanket statement of racism against them is nonsensical since Israeli is a nationality not a race
Biologically still kinda yes in that most of the world was mostly reproductively isolated from each other for most of history, and as such something as hypothetically meaningless as skin color correlates with likelihood of a whole array of other genetic things.
For example, the bigger a threat malaria was in your ancestors’ part of the world the more likely you are to inherit sickle cell (which has a bunch of downsides but also makes you resistant to malaria). It’s the reason frequency of lactose tolerance varies based on where your ancestors are from. It also impacts organ transplant availability, because the organ compatibility markers are not uniformly distributed across all racial/ethnic groups.
There were no human races last time I checked. It’s strange that English is still saying people are a certain race.
Because the meanings of words can shift over time, and in English, the word “race” now has two different (though slightly related) meanings.
Well, three, if you include car races…
biologically no, but socially white supremacy is very much a thing and so is race. Israelis can be of any race therefore a blanket statement of racism against them is nonsensical since Israeli is a nationality not a race
Biologically still kinda yes in that most of the world was mostly reproductively isolated from each other for most of history, and as such something as hypothetically meaningless as skin color correlates with likelihood of a whole array of other genetic things.
For example, the bigger a threat malaria was in your ancestors’ part of the world the more likely you are to inherit sickle cell (which has a bunch of downsides but also makes you resistant to malaria). It’s the reason frequency of lactose tolerance varies based on where your ancestors are from. It also impacts organ transplant availability, because the organ compatibility markers are not uniformly distributed across all racial/ethnic groups.
none of the things you just listed are physical traits that race depends on. it’s purely based on perceived phenotype