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Joined 2 years ago
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Cake day: June 13th, 2023

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  • According to the paper, they tested ten different split-and-merge scenarios and this one was the most likely. But they give some important caveats, including:

    • They assume that the smaller group had a more-or-less constant population size—if it fluctuated significantly, some of their other predictions on the dating of the split and merge might be off.

    • They can’t rule out more complicated scenarios, like three or more splits and merges (but they can rule out the simpler scenario of no splits).

    They do say that they tested their model on a number of other species (including chimps, bats, and dolphins), and got results consistent with those species’ known evolutionary histories.


  • They compared the entire genomes of 26 different modern human populations, and modeled their history to account for the patterns in the modern genomes.

    For example, suppose a particular gene has two distinct groups within the modern genomes, with each group showing similar mutations within the group that are different from the mutations in the other group. You can infer that the two groups represent a split into two populations that later recombined, and you can infer the time of the split and the relative population sizes of the two groups from the number of mutations in each group.

    Do that for the entire genome and you can make finer-grained inferences, like determining which genes experienced positive or negative selection pressure.




  • all of those languages implement recursion in one or another way

    Yeah—Python and English are both recursive, so that doesn’t account for why the brain processes them differently. But they need to figure out what other feature does account for it—ideally by finding a pair of (probably artificial) languages that differ only in the exact feature which triggers the language network. Then they can figure out how that feature relates to recursion or any other mental abilities that might have co-evolved with language.